101 Most Commonly Used Interior Design Words & Terminology
How to Speak Like an Interior Designer:
Mastering the Language of Home Decor
Are you tired of feeling lost in the world of interior design, unable to express your vision for your home in the right words?
Don't worry, because help is here!
In this article, I will guide you on how to speak like an interior designer and master the language of home decor.
Whether you are a beginner or someone looking to refine their skills, understanding the terminology used in the industry is crucial.
From understanding the difference between eclectic and minimalist styles to knowing the significance of color palettes and textures, we will cover it all.
By the end of this article, you will have a solid foundation in interior design lingo, enabling you to confidently communicate your ideas with professionals, friends, and family.
So, let's dive in and unlock the secrets of speaking like an interior designer!
Table of Contents
Books You May Enjoy: Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, History (also in sidebar)
Furniture and accessories: Navigating the world of design terminology
***A-Z Visual Glossary of 101 Interior Design Definitions ****
Tips for effectively communicating with clients, contractors, and suppliers
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Interior Design Definitions
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Key terms and phrases used in interior design
When venturing into the world of interior design, it's essential to familiarize yourself with the key terms and phrases used in the industry.
This will not only help you communicate effectively but also enable you to understand design concepts better.
Let's explore some of the most commonly used terms: Balance, Proportion, Contrast, Focal Point, and Scale
1. Balance: This refers to the distribution of visual weight in a space.
Achieving balance is crucial for creating a harmonious and visually pleasing design.
"I think we can achieve a nice balance of light and dark in this room by using some lighter-colored furniture and accessories to offset the dark woods.”
2. Proportion: involves the relationship between different elements within a space.
It helps ensure that the size and scale of furniture, accessories, and architectural features are in harmony.
"The proportions of this coffee table are perfect. It's the right size for the space, and it's balanced with the other elements in the room."
3. Contrast: Contrast is the juxtaposition of different elements to create visual interest.
It can be achieved through the use of color, texture, shape, or style.
“The contrast between the different forms in the room is really what makes it work. The organically shaped furniture against the boxy architectural details create a sense of visual interest.”
4. Focal point: A focal point is the main attraction in a room.
It can be a fireplace, a piece of artwork, or a stunning piece of furniture. Focal points help draw attention and create a sense of balance.
Click here to discover more about focal points
“In order to elevate the ambiance of your space, we'll strategically create a captivating focal point, perhaps a stunning piece of artwork or an elegantly designed feature wall, that will serve as the visual anchor, harmonizing the entire room.”
5. Scale: Scale refers to the size of objects in relation to the space they occupy.
It's important to choose furniture and accessories that are proportionate to the room size to maintain visual harmony.
Click here to learn more about scale
“Ensuring the right scale of furniture is key to avoiding a cramped feel. If something is too big, it can throw off the balance. We'll select pieces that not only look stylish but also fit the scale of your room, creating an open and comfortable atmosphere.”
Understanding these terms will give you a solid foundation for discussing design concepts and understanding the language of interior design.
Now, let's move on to exploring different design styles and their vocabulary.
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Understanding different design styles and their vocabulary
Interior design encompasses a wide range of styles, each with its own unique vocabulary.
Whether you prefer modern, traditional, or eclectic design, it's important to understand the terminology associated with each style.
In this section, I cover the following currently popular styles:
Modern design style
Traditional design style
Eclectic
Minimalist
Here are some popular design styles and their key characteristics:
1. Modern: Modern design is characterized by clean lines, minimalism, and a focus on functionality.
Key terms associated with modern design include "sleek," "streamlined," and "minimalistic."
"I love the modern feel of this room. It's clean, uncluttered, and stylish."
See also
Featured Book: The Meaningful Modern Home: Soulful Architecture and Interiors - click the title to view on Amazon
2. Traditional: Traditional design is known for its classic, timeless appeal.
It often features rich colors, ornate details, and elegant furnishings.
Key terms associated with traditional design include "ornate," "formal," and "timeless."
"This room is the perfect example of how to achieve a traditional look without being too stuffy or outdated."
See also
Featured Book: The Beauty of Home: Redefining Traditional Interiors
3. Eclectic: Eclectic design is all about mixing different styles, textures, and eras in a thoughtful curated way.
Credit: Jeweled Interiors
It's a highly personalized approach that allows for creative expression.
Key terms associated with eclectic design include "quirky," "bohemian," and "unconventional."
"This bedroom is the perfect example of how to achieve an eclectic look without being too overwhelming or chaotic."
Featured Book: The Life Eclectic: Highly Unique Interior Designs from Around the World
4. Minimalist: Minimalist design is the art of reducing the essential elements to achieve a pure form of elegance.
Credit: FrenchCalifornia, Photo: Colin Miller; via Architectural Digest
It’s about unveiling the true beauty of underlying form in a simple and cultivated.
Key terms associated with minimalism include “purity,” “neutral,” and “artisan.”
“The minimalist feel of this living room is uncluttered, airy, and allows the beauty of the space to shine through.”
Featured Book: Minimalista: Your Step-by-Step Guide to a Better Home, Wardrobe, and Life
By understanding the vocabulary associated with different design styles, you will be better equipped to articulate your preferences and create a cohesive design scheme.
Next, let's delve into the language of color and its impact on design.
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Color terminology and its impact on design
Color plays a crucial role in interior design, as it has the power to evoke emotions, set the mood, and create visual impact.
Understanding color terminology is essential for effective communication in the world of design.
Here are some key terms related to color and their significance:
Credit: Differencebetween.com
1. Hue: Hue refers to the purest form of a color.
It's what we typically refer to as red, blue, or yellow.
"I'm not sure which hue of blue would be best for the walls. Can you show me some options?"
2. Saturation: Saturation refers to the intensity or purity of a color.
Highly saturated colors are vibrant and bold, while desaturated colors are more muted and subdued.
“The saturation of the paint you chose is perfect for the room. It's a bold, vibrant color that will make the space feel energetic.”
Credit: Art 2 Life Academy
3. Tone: Tone refers to the lightness or darkness of a color.
Adding black or white to a hue creates different tones.
"The tone of the paint in this room is just what I want. It's a bit dark, but it still makes the space feel cozy."
4. Complementary colors: Complementary colors are opposite each other on the color wheel, such as blue and orange or red and green.
They create a strong contrast when used together.
Example sentence: “The complementary colors in this color palette work really well together. The blue and orange create a sense of visual interest, while the white and grey provide a neutral backdrop."
Credit: lick.com
5. Monochromatic color scheme: A monochromatic color scheme involves using different shades, tones, and tints of a single color.
It creates a harmonious and cohesive look.
"I think a monochromatic color scheme would be perfect for this room. It would create a sense of calm and serenity, and it would be easy to achieve with the furniture and accessories you already have."
Design: CeCe Barfield Thompson, Photo: Lelsey Unruh; via House Beautiful
By familiarizing yourself with these color terms, you will be able to effectively communicate your color preferences and understand the impact of different color choices on the overall design.
Moving on, let's explore the language of textures and materials.
Featured Book: The Color Scheme Bible: Inspirational Palettes for Designing Home Interiors
Materials and finishes: Speaking the language of textures
Textures and materials add depth, visual interest, and tactile appeal to a space.
Being able to speak the language of textures will help you choose the right materials and finishes for your design.
Here are some key terms related to textures and materials:
1. Texture: Texture refers to the surface quality of an object.
It can be rough, smooth, shiny, or matte.
Example sentence: "The texture of the rug in this room is really luxurious. It feels so soft and inviting."
Credit: Four Hands via Luxevictoria
Using a variety of textures adds visual and tactile interest to a room.
2. Natural materials: Natural materials include wood, stone, and leather.
They add warmth and organic appeal to a space.
"Natural materials are essential to Balinese style design. The use of wood, brick, and bamboo creates a sense of harmony with the natural world. These materials are also incredibly durable and sustainable, making them a great choice for any home."
3. Synthetic materials: Synthetic materials, such as laminate or vinyl, mimic the look of natural materials but offer greater durability and affordability.
"Black crocodile wallpaper is a stunning and luxurious option for any home. The synthetic material is incredibly realistic, and it creates a sense of opulence and sophistication.”
4. Finish: Finish refers to the surface treatment of a material.
It can be glossy, matte, textured, or metallic.
"The high-end finishes in this bedroom are simply stunning. The marble wall accents are a work of art, and the wood floors are incredibly luxurious. The brass details add a touch of glamour that really takes the space to the next level."
Source: Decorilla
The finish greatly affects the overall look and feel of a design. Learn more
Featured Books:
By understanding the language of textures and materials, you will be able to effectively communicate your preferences and select the right materials and finishes for your space.
Now, let's move on to navigating the world of design terminology related to furniture and accessories.
Furniture And Accessories: Navigating The World Of Design Terminology
Furniture and accessories play a vital role in interior design.
Being familiar with design terminology related to the elements will help you make informed choices.
Here are some key terms to know:
1. Upholstery: Upholstery refers to the fabric or covering on furniture.
“I'm interested in getting new upholstery for my living room sofa.”
Source: Kravet
Upholstery can be leather, velvet, linen, or any other textile.
Upholstery greatly affects the comfort and aesthetic appeal of furniture.
Featured Book: The Upholstery Bible: Complete Step-by-Step Techniques for Professional Results
See also
2. Accent Pieces: Accent pieces are accessories that add visual interest and personality to a space.
They can include throw pillows, rugs, artwork, and decorative objects.
Source: West Elm (commissioned link)
“Accent pieces, such as a large scuptural objects, are like the finishing touches on a painting. They can add a pop of color, a touch of texture, or a dash of personality to a space. When chosen well, they can make a room feel more complete and inviting.”
Book Review: Styled: Secrets for Arranging Rooms
3. Statement Piece: A statement piece is a bold, eye-catching element that serves as a focal point in a room.
It can be a unique piece of furniture, a large artwork, or a striking light fixture.
“A vintage rug in a bedroom can be a statement piece.”
Featured Book: Decorate Happy: Bold, Colorful Interiors
Source: English Elm | Loloi Kensington Rug
4. Ergonomics: Ergonomics refers to the study of how furniture and accessories can be designed to maximize comfort and efficiency.
Understanding ergonomic principles will help you choose furniture that is not only aesthetically pleasing but also functional.
“An ergonomic chair is a chair that is designed to fit the natural curves of the human body. It is typically made with adjustable features, such as a tilt mechanism, a height-adjustable seat, and a lumbar support. Ergonomic chairs are designed to help people maintain a neutral posture, which can help to reduce back pain and other musculoskeletal problems.”
Featured Book: Human Dimension & Interior Space: A Source Book of Design Reference Standards
Source: SAMOFU
Having a good grasp of these terms will enable you to confidently discuss furniture and accessories with professionals and make informed decisions when designing your space.
Next, let’s explore the A-Z Visual Design Terminology Glossary.
A
Abacus:
What is an abacus? The flat slab on top of a capital, supporting the architrave. This can also be called the “impost block.” via
Abrasion Test
Abrasion testing for upholstery involves measuring the amount of wear and tear that a fabric can endure when subjected to repeated rubbing.
Abrasion testing, in upholstery, is the practice of putting fabric through wear and tear tests to assess its durability. The focus of the test is for it to imitate normal use that would be expected from a consumer if placed into real-life settings such as seating areas, bedrooms or reception spaces. The fabric might be put on a machine to perform costumer rubbing action against two pieces of this material which will determine the lifecycle and overall resistance. Other abrasion tests may involve slow moving wheels or rods in order to measure how many double rubs the fabric can handle throughout its lifetime before its color and texture starts to degrade. This is a very important factor when determining upholstery materials in order to guarantee customer satisfaction.
Image: Dunlop Conveyor Belting
Acanthus:
a conventionalized representation of an acanthus leaf, used especially as a decoration for Corinthian column capitals. Source: google
What is an Acanthus? An acanthus is a decorative motif found in architectural ornaments that is modeled after the Mediterranean species of plants from the Acanthus genus.
The leaves on these plants have deeply cut edges that resemble those of thistles and poppies, and they are often carved into stone or wood to embellish building facades and other ornamentation.
There are two main species used as models: Acanthus mollis and Acanthus spinosus, each with varying shapes and sizes that can be found in many types of decoration. source wikipedia
Accent Wall:
A wall in a room that is painted a different color or texture to add depth and dimension.
What is an accent wall? An accent wall is an interior décor element that’s commonly used to draw attention to a particular area of the room.
The wall is generally painted in a color different from the other walls and can also be adorned with unique patterns or textures.
Accent walls are an excellent way to add visual interest to any space, making it look more inviting and interesting.
Another great thing about accent walls is that they don’t require much in the way of materials and can be done quickly, thus making them a great tool for DIYers.
Accent Light:
Accent lighting is a form of light that is used to emphasize or draw attention to certain features of an object or space.
What is an accent light? Accent lighting is a type of illumination that focuses a certain aspect of the environment.
This type of light has to be carefully managed and positioned in order for it to have the desired effect, whether that be creating highlights, adding depth or providing visual interest.
Its purpose is to create a focal point by illuminating certain aspects of the subject and can involve any kind of light - whether that be colour, shape, shade or power.
Accent lights can be used to emphasize an artwork, landmark, or centerpiece. Further, accent lighting can also be used to create ambiance and light up spaces such as stairways or pathways indoors, and in gardens or walkways outdoors.
Accent lights come in various forms such as wall sconces, recessed lights, torchère lamps, floodlights and track lighting.
Some accent lights may not only provide function but also enhance the decor by coming in unique designs such as Tiffany glass lamps. Thus, accent lighting is not just functional but also decorative! Source: Wikipedia and photokonnexion.com
Accessory Dwelling Unit:
It is a residence on the same property as an existing primary residence. It can either be an entirely separate living area, such as in a detached house or garage, or it can share some space with the primary residence, such as a basement suite or upstairs apartment. source: accessorydwellings.org
What is an Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU)? Although they have been around since ancient times, these dwellings fell out of favor in the mid-20th century.
Nowadays they are regaining popularity and are also known by names such as granny flats, in-law units, laneway houses, and secondary dwelling units.
People commonly build ADUs for generating rental income and offering housing to family members.
These stand-alone spaces come usually with its own kitchen, living area and separate entrance, which can be attached to a house or built as a standalone unit.
Commonly referred to as an in-law unit, secondary dwelling unit, granny flat or carriage house, an ADU takes advantage of the utilities of the primary residence while providing more space for occupants. Source: investopedia
ADA:
Simply put, ADA requires all public buildings to be designed in such a way that everyone can access them safely and conveniently.
What is ADA/ADA compliant? The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was passed into law in 1990 as a civil rights act designed to protect people with disabilities from discrimination.
The ADA Amendments Act of 2008 and its subsequent updates further clarified the scope of disabilities, extending protections in areas such as employment, transportation, and public places including movie theaters, libraries, restaurants, hotels, medical facilities, and health clubs.
As an interior designer, it is crucial to comply with the requirements set forth by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
Practicing these standards in both residential and commercial settings ensures that people of all abilities can enjoy a space safely.
Examples of requirements that are integral to a designer's practice include: elevator controls, door hardware, countertop heights, doorway clearances, ramp accessibilities, handrails for accessibility and restroom fixture mountings.
By complying with ADA standards in their designs, interior designers guarantee protected and livable spaces for everyone.
Related: What is Universal Design? A Guide For Architects and Interior Designers
Adamesque:
of architecture and furniture : derived from the style of the brothers Adam. attenuated delicacies of Mount Vernon's Adamesque ceilings—Hugh Morrison
What is Adam/Adamesque style? Adamesque is an architectural style derived from that of Robert Adam, a Scottish neoclassical architect who studied the ancient ruins of Herculaneum and Pompeii.
This later form of European neoclassical architecture wa inspired by classical antiquity and refined through Adam's distinct take on the style.
This 18th-century neoclassical style of architecture, interior design, and furniture that was practised by the Scottish Adam brothers, with Robert and James Adam the most famous in the family.
This style incorporated walls, ceilings, fireplaces, furniture, fixtures, fittings, and carpets as designed by the Adam brothers for a unified look.
Adamesque is also sometimes referred to incorrectly as the “Adams Style” and should rather be called the “Style of the Adam Brothers” for accuracy. Hugh Morrison noted the attenuated delicacies of Mount Vernon's Adamesque ceilings in his writings.
Adamesque is characterized by a harmonious and balanced use of colour, light, form, texture and ornamentation to create elegant interiors.
Features such as grand halls for entertaining, stippled pale lime green and apricot walls, tall deep-set windows for maximum light, ruby red and brilliant blues completing the look found in Georgian homes.
This style also boasts detailed furniture arrangements which highlight its fluid shape and intricate carvings. With its muted tones, symmetrical designs and minimal yet intricate details Adamesque proves time is still a classic style of decorating!
Sources: Collins Dictionary, Wikipedia, britsattheirbest.com
Aficionado:
Someone with a passion and appreciation for interior design.
What is an aficionado? An interior design aficionado is someone who understands, appreciates and has a deep knowledge of all the various elements of decorating and the materials used in creating beautiful interiors.
They have a wide range of skills, techniques and style which allows them to create unique spaces for their clients or for themselves. Knowledge of color theory and spatial organization are keys to their success. They understand basic principles such as balance, rhythm, harmony, unity and emphasis.
Ambient Lighting:
Ambient lighting serves as a general source of light in order to create an even and widespread luminosity. This is the first type of lighting used and it dictates the ambiance of a certain area.
What is ambient lighting? Ambient lighting is a type of general lighting that fills an entire space with light.
It’s typically a soft, diffused illumination that helps set the overall atmosphere in a room or area. Ambient lights are often used to create mood, providing a sense of style and visual comfort.
Dimmable indoor wall sconces, ceiling fixtures, recessed lights, decorative floor lamps, as well as pendants and cove lighting that reflect off ceilings and walls. are just some examples of ambient lighting fixtures. Ambient lighting is also used to highlight architectural features and artwork.
In combination with task lighting, ambient lights can create an inviting atmosphere while providing outward visibility in a room or space.
While this kind of light creates general brightness in a space, it is not suitable for carrying out tasks or to highlight certain elements, which are the domain of the task and accent lighting. Source
Antique
An antique is an item that is over one hundred years old and was made with more attention to detail than today's mass-produced items.
What is an antique? How old is antique? The term "antique" is used to describe items that are valuable due to their age and rarity.
Generally, antique items must be at least 100 years old.
Antiques can range from furniture, jewelry, clothing, weapons, and books, among numerous other categories. An antique is usually worth much more than a similarly-fashioned newer item due to its uniqueness and historical value.
Image: Veranda. Photographer: Matthew Millman
Allover Layout (Pattern):
Rather than stripes, borders, plaids and manufactured designs, a layout featuring motifs that are nearly distributed and evenly spread is preferred. Source
What is an allover pattern? Allover pattern is a type of fabric design where usually the same motif or elements are repeated on entire piece of fabric.
It has been used since the ancient times and common among many cultures and décor styles, found in everything from clothing to furniture to rugs and wallpapers.
An allover pattern can be achieved by repeating a variety of designs in all directions creating dynamic, intricate ribbons that flow endlessly through textiles.
Allover patterns range from colorful abstract art to subdued designs like chevrons or intricate geometric shapes that can give depth and texture to any interior space.
Photo: Blooming Fabric Shop
Alleyways Pattern:
Negative space can be used to create intentional lines in a design. (Source)
What is an alleyways pattern? An alleyways pattern is said to be inspired by the physical alleyways of cities and towns, mainly because of its resemblance to street grids. This pattern can create a unique visual effect depending on how it is activated with light or color.
Different materials like paint, fabric, wallpaper and tiles can be used to create an alleyways fabric pattern. The versatility of this style makes it suitable for use in both contemporary and traditional spaces.
Photo: Sassafrass-Lane.com
Anaglypta:
A type of wallpaper with a raised, textured design. It is often referred to as embossed wallpaper. Source
What is anaglypta? Anaglypta is a type of textured wallpaper that was popular in the late 19th century and early 20th century. The term anaglypta comes from the Greek "anaglyptos", meaning “carved or engraved”.
Anaglypta wallpapers are generally made from sturdy paper stock, printed with patterns inspired by classical ornamentation such as marbling, beading, fleur-de-lis forms and rope edging.
Thanks to its thick surface and raised pattern along with special glues available at some retailers, Anaglypta can also be used to add texture and structure to smooth surfaces like ceilings and walls, creating a more interesting look than standard wallpapers.
You can purchase it in paintable versions as well as white.
Applique:
(Architectural or furniture) An applique, often referred to as an onlay, is an ornamental entity used to enhance objects like furniture. They possess a three-dimensional appearance carve and a level surface which enables them to stick onto surfaces. (Source)
What is a furniture applique? Furniture applique is a decorative embellishment or ornamentation which is applied to the surface of furniture in an ornate manner.
Generally made from either plastic or wood, these appliques are attached to the pieces either with a glue or special adhesive, or sometimes even by using nails and screws.
They add intricate details and help these furniture pieces look far better than before when put together as part of an entire home décor scheme.
Appliques have been around for centuries nwow, but have been highly popularized by modern interior design trends.
Applique:
(Fabric) Applique is a type of textile art in which fabric pieces are cut and layered, then fused onto another piece of fabric to create a design. Fabrics used for applique may be woven, cottons or felt. (Source)
What is a fabric applique? Fabric applique, or simply applique, is the process of layering fabric, cutting out pieces of shapes and fusing them onto another piece of fabric.
It is a type of textile art often used in quilting and patchwork to add embellishments such as flowers, animals, geometric shapes and more to a project.
The fabrics used for applique may be woven machine fabrics, cottons, quilter's cottons, felt, sheer fabrics such as organza or velveteen.
To make an appliquéd shirt or jacket look professional it is important not to cut the fabric in too many places which could create gaps in the design when it is worn. Therefore precision with scissors and pins are essential during this stitching process.
Photo: Maria Uyauri
Apron Front Sink:
A farm or apron-front sink is a large, wide sink that has an exposed front that extends beyond the bottom cabinets. It is designed to be deep and hold plenty of water. Source
What does apron-front sink mean? An apron front sink typically extends beyond the countertop.
This type of kitchen sink allows for more comfortable use when cleaning bigger items such as dishes or larger pots and pans.
Furthermore, they are easy to clean since there is no lip to collect dirt and grime. They have become increasingly popular in modern kitchen designs due to their appearance and practicality.
Architectural Salvage
Architectural salvage in interior design is the reuse of existing structures and materials from a demolished or renovated building to create something new.
What is architectural salvage? Architectural salvage is the process of reusing building components, material that has been salvaged or recovered from buildings and structures.
This includes anything original to the building such as doors, windows, hardware, stairs, trim and more.
Architectural salvage can be used to restore older buildings or add character to new construction.
It also reduces waste by providing a way for people to upcycle materials instead of discarding them in a landfill. Architectural salvage is ideal for anyone looking for pieces of history, unique items or just a bit of charm in their homes or buildings.
Image: Dmagazine via Pinterest
Asian Zen Style
Asian Zen Interior Design is a style of decor characterized by minimalism, utilizing natural elements such as bamboo, stone, juniper wood and calming neutrality to create a peaceful atmosphere.
What is Asian Zen Style? Asian zen interior design style is a modern take on traditional Asian and Japanese design.
It draws inspiration from these origins to create an atmosphere of peacefulness, calmness and balance in any room.
Key components of this design style include natural materials like bamboo, jute and rattan; neutral colors such as beige, ivory and taupe; earthy textures like wood grain and stone; strategically placed minimalistic decorations and furnishings that are both functional and aesthetically pleasing.
This type of interior is ideal for those seeking a homely yet sophisticated look.
Modern kitchen with Asian Zen-inspired design, featuring natural wood elements, sleek countertops, and large windows overlooking a minimalist garden, creating a calm and serene atmosphere.
Aubusson: :
a figured scenic tapestry used for wall hangings and upholstery; also : a rug woven to resemble Aubusson tapestry Merriam Webster
What is Aubusson? The Aubusson carpets originate from the small French towns of Aubusson and Felletin.
These carpets were originally made for the nobility since Savonnerie, the court production was not available for them. Subsequently, these handwoven, large-sized carpets were also crafted for royal residences.
Initially, the designs of Aubusson carpets emulated Oriental Ushak medallions but as time progressed other motifs such as Renaissance floral and architectural patterns infiltrated their design language.
This kept changing according to court and republican fashions throughout the centuries until it arrived at what we know today - 20th century modernistic painterly concepts. Source: brittanica.com
Image: Larissa Jenkins
Austrian Shade:
An Austrian Shade is a window covering that is characterized by fabric that cascades in many waved forms, shaped by numerous rows of gather stitching.
What is an austrian shade? Austrian Shades are a type of window treatment made from a single piece of fabric.
They have a series of alternating scallops along the bottom which gives them an elegant and graceful appearance.
Austrian shades can be adjusted to any desired level of light by adjusting the height within the window frame, allowing for privacy when needed.
Alternatively, they can also be raised up completely and used as a room divider or partition for added convenience and versatility.
B
Back Order
A back order is an order for goods or services that cannot be immediately filled because of an inventory shortage. The customer's order is kept on record until the product or service can be provided, and the customer is notified when the item is back in stock.
What is a back order? Back Order is a term used to describe when an item runs out of inventory and the online store has to wait for another shipment from the manufacturer.
This can be due to demand that exceeded what was expected or because there has been an issue with the manufacturer.
Regardless, back order means that the item cannot be purchased immediately and requires a customer to place an order and wait until it can be fulfilled. While this may lead to some inconveniences for customers, it should also be seen as a good thing since it often indicates that an item has become popular.
Backlighting:
Backlighting is a creative use of lighting to highlight, emphasize or draw attention to certain pieces and/or elements in a room. It utilizes light sources that are placed behind selected pieces of furniture and artwork with the use of low voltage systems such as recessed fixtures, track lights, and rope lights.
What does backlighting mean? The use of backlighting in interior design can add a special atmosphere and dimension to an otherwise ordinary space. When used in combination with decorative elements, it can create an interesting look and feel. Backlighting is also great for creating subtle accents that don't break up the overall look of the room. It's a wonderful way to bring life into your home without obstructing its natural aesthetics.
Photo: Gloria Sanz Interiorismo – Reforma Piso Anticuado en Lugo via source
Balustrade:
A balustrade is a railing or barrier consisting of an upright post, rail, and any number of intricately designed pillars or columns that support it. The balustrade often acts as an architectural embellishment, adding a decorative element to the structure it encircles.
What is a balustrade? A balustrade is a type of railing that uses posts, usually made from stone or wood, arranged in a vertical line to form an open railing system. The primary purpose of a balustrade is safety, as they provide a barrier between a structure and its edge or walkway preventing people from falling off or into the area below. Aesthetically speaking, balustrades are often used as architectural accents that are able to create eye-catching designs with their straight lines and repetitive patterns. Balustrades can also be constructed with different materials such as steel, wrought iron or glass for a modern look.
Baluster:
A baluster is a vertical element which serves as a support for a handrail or other structural element. Typically installed in staircases and balconies, balusters are often made of wood or metal and feature ornamental designs.
What is a baluster? This kind of post or column helps support a handrail or stair tread. Balusters are often made of wood, but can also be made of stone, metal, glass, or other materials. They can be used alone as the sole structure in stairs and railings, or they can be paired with other posts and spindles to form intricate designs. Balusters are often used to provide an attractive way to enhance safety measures around stairs and balconies among other areas where falls may occur.
Image: Wikipedia
Barrel Vault:
A barrel vault is a type of cylindrical arch or semi-circular vault which forms the ceiling of an interior space. The curved shape of the vault is created by evenly spaced ribs running in parallel lines, which provide strength to the structure while also allowing light and air to circulate in the space below.
What is a barrel vault? This architectural term is used to refer to a series of arches that are connected together in a single continuous line. The resulting structure can be used as roofs or ceilings and offers many benefits, such as being strong, lightweight, and resistant to wind loads and forming attractive patterns. Barrel vaults are essential components in the construction of churches, castles and other historical buildings, as well as modern homes and commercial buildings. By using these rounded structures instead of straight walls or flat ceilings, architects can create interesting shapes and maximize space in their projects.
Modern Kitchen with Barrel Vault Ceiling and Chic Interior
Bergere Chair
A bergere chair is a French style armchair featuring an upholstered frame, ornate carvings, and curved legs.
What is a bergere chair? A bergere chair is a classic French armchair that has been around for centuries. It features a club-style deep seat with low arms, padded arms, and an upholstered back and frame along with cabriole legs. If you ever find yourself in a historical mansion or chateau in France, chances are you will find a bergere chair there. Today, these unique chairs add style and sophistication to any room—from traditional to modern designs.
Elegant French Bergere Chair Adorned with Roses
Image: Provence Rentals
Bespoke:
Bespoke refers to something that is specially crafted or tailored to the client's individual needs. This may include bespoke sofas or a bespoke carpenter who creates custom wood furniture. It describes things that are made according to the specifications of the customer ordering them.
What is bespoke? Bespoke interior design is a type of tailored service that puts the user or customer at the center of the design process. Rather than using a ready-made product, bespoke designs are customized according to their needs and preferences, allowing them to create something unique and reflective of their personality. This type of one-of-a-kind approach speaks to those who seek an original and creative design for their home or space.
See also custom
Craftsman precisely measuring wood in a workshop for bespoke furniture.
Image: Bespoke Sofa
Blend Different Styles
Blending different styles in interior design is the process of combining elements from various stylistic categories to create a unique and harmonious space.
What does “blend different styles” mean? Blending different styles in interior design is a way of combining various elements from different design approaches to create a unique and cohesive space. A blend of styles could be mixing traditional decor with modern accessories, incorporating rustic and industrial accents, or combining classical pieces with contemporary furnishings. This type of eclectic design style allows for experimentation and expressing your personal flair. By carefully selecting each element, you can create an inspiring and visually appealing space that tells a story or conveys your individual style.
Perfect Blend of Traditional and Modern Styles in Bedroom Decor
Image: Photo by Erica George Dines; Interior design by Melanie Turner
Boho Chic:
Boho Chic interior is an aesthetic that blends eclectic styles, colors and textures with a relaxed, modern vibe. It often features vintage, rustic and nature-inspired elements, like suzani textiles, natural wood furniture, baskets, handmade quilts and velvet fabrics.
What is boho chic? Boho chic design is a modern, vintage-inspired décor style that combines elements of bohemian and hippie styles with more luxurious materials. It is characterized by eclectic combinations of textures and patterns, as well as natural materials such as wood, stone, and leather. Color palettes are often quite neutral with pops of vibrant hues or jewel tones scattered throughout. Common fixtures in boho chic décor include fringed rugs, velvet upholstery, patterned wallpapers and art, unique furniture pieces like moroccan ottomans, tribal-inspired textiles and poufs, and globally influenced designs that bring both vintage finds and newer pieces together seamlessly.
Boho Chic Elements: Fragrance, Rustic Vases, and Dried Palm Leaves
Photo: Unsplash, Dmitry Mashkin | @artcoastdesign
Bouclé
Bouclé is a french word for loops. In interior desigtn, it refers to a speciality type of fabric with a looped, ringed, or curled texture.
What is bouclé? Bouclé fabric is a special type of fabric commonly used in interior design and home decor. It has a unique looped appearance that creates an inviting, cozy feel in any room. Boucle fabric can range in weight from lightweight to heavy depending on the style and type of fibers used in its construction. The fabric also can be found in a variety of colors, patterns, and textures to suit the individual designer’s tastes. When using boucle fabric to decorate your home, consider using it as an upholstery material or throw pillows for accents in your living room or bedroom.
Close-Up View of Bouclé Fabric Texture in Home Decor
Image: Etsy
Budget
A budget in interior design is a plan for allocating spending for the purpose of home decor and styling.
What ia an interior design budget? A budget in interior design is an important factor to consider before starting a project. Having a budget allows you to plan ahead and will make it easier to stay within the desired budget. It also lets you plan how much should be spent on each aspect of your design project such as furniture, décor, materials, labor, etc. Creating a realistic budget can help ensure that the project remains cost effective and assist in making sure that everything required is included without going over your designated funds. A good budget in interior design will also allow for flexibility when it comes to making changes during the course of the project. It’s also beneficial to remember that a successful & beautiful Interior Designing project doesn't always have to be an expensive one.
Example of a Living Room Design Budget Across Different Price Ranges
C
Cabriole Leg:
A cabriole leg is an ornamental support for tables and other furniture, characterized by a curved outward “S” shape with a gentle inward “reverse S” curve at the ankle. It is typically constructed from carved wood.
What is a cabriole leg? The style originated in 18th century France, and is typically seen on furniture such as armoires, chairs, and tables. The curved silhouette adds an organic flow to the furniture piece and was a popular look until the style’s decline in popularity after the Victorian era. Today, it is rare to find vintage pieces with original cabriole legs made from exotic woods like mahogany and rosewood. Replicas remain popular due to their classic appeal and sophisticated style.
Elegant Dining Table Featuring Traditional Cabriole Legs
Image: Wayfair
Ceramic:
Ceramic is a hard, brittle material made by the action of heat and subsequent cooling. It is typically made from non-metallic minerals that have been heated to high temperature. Ceramics are used in many applications, including sculpture, pottery, tableware, art objects, tiles and engineering components.
What does ceramic mean? Ceramic is an excellent choice for interior design due to its versatility, durability, and attractiveness. It can be used for flooring, wall cladding, paneling, tile, sinks, furniture fixtures and more. Ceramic material comes in an array of colors and finishes including glazed, polished and matte options and is resistant to scratching and heat damage. This makes it perfect for interior designers because it can handle the rigors of daily use as well as harsh cleaning agents. Ceramic tiles are reasonably priced so there are plenty of budget-friendly options too. Lastly, ceramic is easy to maintain with regular cleaning making it a great option whether you’re designing the interior of a home or office space.
Intricate and Durable Ceramic Tiles for Elegant Interiors
Photo: The Tile Shop
Classic Style
Classic interior design refers to decor elements and furnishings that are timeless and elegant, drawing upon classic architecture such as Romanesque, Gothic, and Baroque.
What is classic style? Classic interior design is a timeless style of decorating, characterized by the use of traditional elements like dark wood finishes, subtle color palettes, ornate fabrics, and symmetrical arrangements. This style relies on applying timeless classic principles such as balance, proportion and scale to create an elegant look. Classic interior design can be seen in older homes or modern abodes alike as it maintains ties to antiquity but also embraces contemporary lines and shapes for a classic-contemporary mix.
Cohesive
Cohesive interior design is a method of creating a unified visual aesthetic within the space.
What does cohesive mean? Cohesive interior design involves defining a common theme, color palette, and elements that are used throughout the space. This creates a harmonious and unified look. Using the same materials, colors, shapes and textures in each area gives the space not only a professional finish but also more visual interest than if every element were spread out by itself. Cohesive interior design also creates an easy transition from room to room. It can create continuity when traveling through the house or business building, creating cozier spaces that are pleasant to visit.
Concept Statement
A concept statement in interior design is a written declaration of an intended desired outcome that outlines the vision, aesthetic, and functionality of a space.
What is a concept statement? This document succinctly outlines the primary themes, objectives, and goals of an upcoming design project. It is one of the first steps towards creating any new design. Concept statements form the basis of a successful interior design which helps to outline inspirational elements, challenges to be overcome, materials & textures to be used within the space, and much more. An effective concept statement will ensure that all stakeholders in the project are on the same page when it comes to what is expected from the upcoming planning phase.
View this project in my Portfolio: Transitional Living Room
Console:
Console furniture is an ornamental, elongated piece of furniture designed to be placed against a wall or in an entryway. It usually has drawers and shelves, and provides storage and decorative display space.
What is an entryway console? An entryway console table is a type of furniture that adds a touch of elegance to an entry way or hall. It typically has a narrow design with four legs or pedestals and one or two shelves or drawers. Entryway console tables are perfect for holding keys, cell phones, purses, and other small items. They provide additional storage while making the room feel more inviting and spacious. These tables come in a variety of materials such as wood, metal, and glass, so you can find one to match any décor style.
What is a sofa table? A sofa console table is a narrow, shallow table which typically sits behind a couch and serves as an area for decorative items or practical storage. It's the perfect place to display vases, framed photos, lamp shades, or books. They are also great for storing small items such as remotes, mail sorters and other odds and ends. Sofa console tables come in all shapes, sizes and materials so finding one that meets your needs should be easy.
What is a console entertainment/media center? One can also purchase console media centers, typically to hold a television, and store items such as an amplifier, games console and/or other media devices. Consoles come in many shapes and sizes depending on the person's needs.
Consultation
A consultation is a meeting or discussion in which advice or opinions are exchanged to help determine an appropriate course of action.
In interior design, a consultation can have various meanings. Be sure to find out from your designer how he or she defines consultation. Here are a few potential meanings:
Initial interior design consultation is a discussion between an interior designer and the client to discuss the details of a potential project. Design advice is not offered unless you pay a consultation fee. Julie Ann Rachelle Interiors LLC offers initial consultations for $300, with $100 going toward your purchase of future services.
Hourly interior design consultation refers to a service in which an interior designer provides expert advice regarding the design of a home or other space. The client pays an hourly fee for this service based on the designer’s hourly fee. The higher the fee, usually means the faster a designer works and reflects their expertise. Julie Ann Rachelle Interiors LLC offers her hourly fee at $100/hour as of February 2023, which may change after publication of this article. (Note: many designers offer a flat-fee contract which does not go above and beyond the estimated hours a designer has calculated the project to take.)
Paint consultation refers to a consultation that undergoes the process of examining and discussing a domestic space in order to determine the best decorative color scheme.
Image: Deposit Photos | Tong_Nawarit
Contemporary:
Contemporary interior design is a style of interior decorating that combines modern aesthetics with comfortable and livable furnishings.
What is contemporary style? Contemporary interior design is a style of decor that leans heavily on modern elements to create a space that is both stylish and functional. Contemporary interior design draws inspiration from various design movements including, minimalist, industrial and mid-century modern. The colors used in this style tend to be neutral with splashes of bold colors to add visual interest, while furniture has sleek lines with an emphasis on comfort. Accessories are kept minimal but coordinate well with the overall look of the room. Contemporary interior design aims to create a space that reflects the lifestyle and tastes of those who live there.
DESIGN: MEG LAVALETTE, PHOTO: WILLIAM LAVALETTE
Curated
Curated regarding an interior room is the process of gradually changing and organizing the decor, materials, lighting, and furniture of a space to create a desired aesthetic.
What is Curated? Curating over time is a way of creating a space that feels beautiful, harmonious and collected. Over time when you curate your home decor, furniture, wall art, lighting and more; you are expressing personal style as your knowledge base is increased. This means that as your tastes evolve over the course of time, so does and your home’s atmosphere. You can choose pieces now, thoughtfully adding something new and then rearranging in the years to come, without the space becoming cluttered. By curating slowly over time with consideration for how the whole aesthetic will hang together in the end, it brings more purpose and meaning to each individual piece as was chosen as part of designing this space.
Image: A Curated Space
Custom
Custom means that an item is made to order and tailored to the customer's specific needs, preferences, and measurements.
What is custom furniture? Custom refers to an interior design element that has been crafted and built to meet a specific customer's exact needs. It is typically made based on unique measurements, materials, fabrics, colors, and finishes specified by the customer. Custom products gives customers the freedom to choose exactly what they want and make their own unique piece. This can include anything from dressers and cabinets to end tables, beds, chairs, rugs, wallpaper, sofas, bookcases, outdoor seating, and even office furniture.
What does semi-custom mean?
Semi-custom means that an item is made to specifications where the customer can choose specific features, but has limited customization options.
Semi-custom furniture is a great way to choose the specific configuration for your piece. It allows you to customize the size, shape, or specifics of the piece by choosing from predetermined options. Unlike custom furniture, semi-custom furniture usually requires less customization and relies on standard dimensions and measurements that have already been established. This can save time, money and stress. Plus, semi-custom pieces often times come assembled so you don’t have to do all the hard work yourself. Whether you’re looking for a new sofa or kitchen cabinets, oftentimes you can find what you need in semi-custom selections without having to completely customize an entire piece.
Image: Rebel Walls screenshot
D
Design Questionnaire
A design questionnaire is a survey used to collect data and determine the needs, preferences, and goals of a particular group or individual about their interior design project.
What is an interior design questionnaire? An interior design questionnaire is a document used by interior designers to gather essential information about the project that they are designing. It helps the designer better understand their client's needs, preferences and tastes to provide them with an interior space that reflects their personal style. By asking questions about their lifestyle, furniture preferences, likes or dislikes and color palette, an interior design questionnaire can help designers create rooms that match their client’s individual style while also meeting functional needs.
Image: Designfiles
Drawn To Scale
Drawn to scale is a technique used in graphic representation and drawings where proportions are accurately depicted according to a specified scale. In interior design, this documents could be blueprints, floorplans, or elevations that are drawn to scale. The drawing will state what scale it is drawn at such as 1/4” = 1’.
What does drawn to scale mean? Drawing to scale in interiors means creating accurate drawings or plans of a space that shows the relative size of each piece of furniture, fixture or feature. It is essential when planning any interior space as it allows the exact measurements to be taken and each item in the space to fit perfectly within it. Drawing to scale also provides a visual representation of what the final design will look like so that any changes can take place before implementation.
Drop-in Sink:
A drop-in sink, also known as a self-rimming sink, is a type of kitchen sink in which the basin sits on the countertop and is supported by an edge within the countertop's opening. There is usually an inward lip extending around the outer part of the rim that rests down below the counter surface.
What is a drop-in sink? This is a type of sink that is installed through an opening in the kitchen countertop, rather than being mounted beneath it. The sink basin sits on top of four support clips and is held secure with caulk or putty to prevent water seepage. Drop-in sinks tend to be more affordable than other types of sinks but are often not as sturdy, which can be an issue if there are pots and pans that need to be moved around the kitchen frequently.
Photo: Lowes
Durability
Durability in interior design refers to the ability of a material, surface, or design element to stand up to wear-and-tear and maintain its overall aesthetic and functionality.
What does durability mean? Durability in interior design is the ability of a material or product to exist for an extended period of time without showing signs of wear and tear. The durability of a material often goes hand-in-hand with its cost, with more expensive materials having greater durability than their less expensive counter-parts. In addition, certain factors such as environmental factors and the frequency and type of use can also significantly influence a material's durability. Ultimately, when it comes to interior design it is important to balance cost and longevity in order to ensure that your design remains beautiful and functional for years to come.
Image: Stone Arch
Dye-lot
Dye-lot refers to a group of batches of dye with the same color tone, used for matching fabric, wallpaper, or other materials in interior design. (Also referred to a batch numbers or run numbers.)
What does dye-lot mean? Dye-lot in interior design is a term that is used to refer to batches of fabric, wallpaper, or other materials that are dyed in the same lot or batch. As dye can vary depending on factors such as climate and materials, this ensures consistency across different pieces of fabric or materials. This allows for continuity when decorating a room or space with fabrics that have different patterns or textures. Additionally, it helps designers distinguish the difference between original color and the reproduction of the material. Dyelot is an important concept in interior design because it makes sure that any materials used in an area coordinate properly and look cohesive once installed.
Image: The Wallpaper Lady’s Blog
E
eDesign
Online edesign interior design is a service that uses digital solutions to enable people to design the interiors of their homes remotely.
What is virtual online design/edesign? eDesign Interior Design is the process of formulating and creating a new interior space with the use of digital technology. It can involve planning layouts, selecting furniture and finishes, producing 3D visuals, creating mood boards, sourcing products or coordinating installation through digital platforms. This type of design service can make interior design accessible to anyone, no matter where they live or what their budget is. eDesign gives clients the flexibility to work at their own pace according to their comfort level. With this approach you can get an expert’s opinion on everything from paint colors to artwork without ever having to leave your home.
Elements of Design
Elements of interior design refer to the basic components that combine to create a visually pleasing and functional space, such as color, line, shape, scale, texture, pattern, and light.
What does elements of design mean? Elements of design are used to create a visual impact for an intended purpose when it comes to decorating. Depending on the project style and budget, these elements could work alone or in groups to present a particular look or feel. When used thoughtfully these elements can help draw attention, set the tone of a space and even create a decorative mood. Through the combination of these elements, decorators are able to bring cohesiveness and charm to any room in a home or business.
Image: Pexels | Photo by Mark McCammon
Elevated:
Elevated, as an adjective, means to be at a higher level or high status mentally. Thus, when referring to elevated design, it implies that the design is at a superior level from other designs.
What does elevated mean? Elevated interior design takes a traditional style of decorating and revamps it with intentional refinements that make the space one-of-a-kind. It strikes a balance between luxury details and useful, functional pieces. These designs focus on quality, not quantity—so fewer items can be used to make a powerful statement in the room. Elevated interiors may also feature unexpected combinations of textures, fabrics, colors, and finishes that juxtapose each other perfectly to create eye-catching visions. Accessories are strategically placed to add visual interest without weighing down the aesthetic. With elevated interior design, it is possible to transform even the most basic rooms into something truly extraordinary.
Photo: deVol kitchens
Elevation
An elevation is a technical drawing that shows the elevation and position of walls, built-in fixtures, furniture, and other wall-related elements inside a home or structure.
An interior design wall elevation drawing is a representation of the interior wall surfaces of a given room, drawn to scale. It includes details such as door and window openings, baseboards, and other details needed for finished interior walls. Interior design wall elevations are often used during the planning stages of construction projects, such as renovations or new builds, in order to give an idea of what the end result will look like. In addition, these drawings can help identify any potential issues with an interior design plan before construction begins.
Elevations can also include the built-ins, furnishings, finishes, and decor which will help the client understand the scale of each element in relation to the others.
Ergonomic
Ergonomic in interior design is the process of designing spaces to maximize health and safety, efficiency, and comfort for user populations.
What is ergonomic interior design? Ergonomic interior design is all about creating a space and environment that suits the needs of both its users as well as its purpose. This includes choosing furniture and accessories that are comfortable to use, encouraging productivity, reducing fatigue and preventing injury through proper posture and positioning. Furthermore, ergonomics can have an impact on the aesthetics of the interior, making it look more inviting and reflective of an individual’s personality or interests. Ergonomic designs provide a greater sense of balance, order, unity and harmony within a given space. Ultimately, when it comes to practicality, comfortability and aesthetic appeal in an interior design setting, ergonomics should be taken into consideration.
Diagram titled 'The Ergonomic Workstation' showing proper seated posture with a focus on an adjustable keyboard tray, clear space under the desk for leg movement, and ample clearance between thighs and the keyboard tray.
Image: PT and Me
F
Finish
In interior design, a finish refers to any decorative coating or material applied to the surfaces of walls, ceilings, and floors in order to give them a desired look or feel.
What does finish mean? A finish for interior design is the surface treatment used to enhance the overall look and feel of a room. Various options are available including paint, wallcoverings, wallpaper, tile, art glass, millwork, wainscoting and more. Finish is important because it helps evoke an emotional reaction from viewers not only in the aesthetic sense but also a certain feeling when looking into a space. Finish can also play a significant role in establishing atmosphere for any given room – for instance a modern contemporary kitchen with bright pops of colour on appliances or cabinetry versus a warm traditional kitchen will likely feel entirely different to occupants due to the finish that has been employed.
High-end finishes in modern interior design featuring a dark accent wall, gold trim, abstract artwork, and a gold sconce for luxury decor.
Image: via Atlantic Magazine, Designer: Kathryn McAdams of the Meriwether Design Group; Photographer: Jeff Herr
Finishing Touch
In interior design, putting the finishing touches on is the process of adding the details and decor to complete a room. This may include artwork, window treatments, lighting fixtures, furniture pieces and accessories that bring the desired look together.
What does finishing touches mean? Finishing touches are the smaller elements that can really bring the room together. This can include anything from small decorative items like framed photos and ornaments, to scented candles or diffusers and bedroom slippers for a bedroom. Finishing touches can also be functional items such as new door handles, switches and plug sockets, or cupboard knobs in kitchens and bathrooms. Although they may seem insignificant at first glance, these small details have great impact when it comes to styling up a space.
Image: French Country Cottage
Floorplan:
A diagram of a room's layout showing its walls, windows, doors, and furniture arrangement.
What is a floorplan? A floorplan is a diagram of a room that shows its walls, windows, doors, and furniture arrangement. It's useful because it helps you visualize the flow and function of a room before you start decorating or making changes. It also allows you to plan out where furniture will go before you move it in. Drawing a floorplan can be helpful when trying to come up with interesting ways to arrange your furniture or design an entirely new space. Currently, software tools like CAD (Computer-Aided Design) are used for creating sophisticated floorplans with more advanced features such as color palette selection, wall textures and finishes, and tile patterns.
See also: Functional, Furniture Arrangement, Furniture Dimensions
Focal Point:
An item such as an art piece or fireplace that is the primary focus of a room.
What is a focal point? Focal points are the eye-catching and important elements that serve as the main focus of a room. A focal point is an item (such as a fireplace, artwork, or large window) that is the central focus of a room and sets the tone for the space. They can be used to draw your eye towards an area and change the mood of the space. Focal points need to be complementary with other design choices, like furniture, rugs, and wall coverings. To create a successful focal point, choose one item or part of a grouping such as furniture or artwork that serves to add interest and drama to the space. To help draw attention to it, use furniture to lead from one end of the room to the other and frame or anchor the focal point. Additionally, you can use color or lighting effects to enhance its visibility and make it stand out from its surroundings.
Form
Form pertains to the constructs and configurations of elements within a space, encompassing the 3D aspects such as furniture shapes and architectural features.
What does form mean?
In interior design, form refers to the shape and structure of the various elements within a space. It's about how different objects and components come together to create a visually pleasing and functional environment.
Think of form as the 3D aspect of design – the shapes of furniture, architectural features, and decorative items. These forms can be geometric, organic, or a mix of both. For example, the form of a sleek, rectangular coffee table contrasts with the organic, flowing shapes of a curvy armchair.
As an interior designer, when considering form, it's essential to ensure that the shapes and structures not only look good individually but also harmonize with each other to create a cohesive and balanced overall design.
West Elm’s Cannelli Coffee Table via West Elm
French Country Style
French country style is a combination of rustic and traditional elements creating an elegant look in interior design.
What is French Country? French country style interior design is a popular choice for homes of all sizes. It combines classic elements from the French countryside with elegant and charming touches that are both comfortable and inviting. Characterized by muted colors, rustic textures, and accents of ornate detailing, this style can evoke comforting vibes that make any space feel like home. From distressed furniture to delicate touches like fresh flowers and woven accents, French country style provides timeless beauty that looks great in any room.
Check out: Romantic French Country Bedrooms: Are You Prepared to be Amazed?
French Country style interior design with blue floral wallpaper, canopy bed drapery, and vintage decor, including a mannequin displaying a dress.
Image: Chateau De Morsan
Functional:
Functional interior design is the arrangement of a space to promote comfort, safety and efficiency for activities occurring within it.
What does functional mean? In the context of interior design, 'function' refers to designing a space that has purpose and works for those who use it. It is about creating a space that meets the needs of its users both visually and practically. This means selecting furniture, lighting and decorative elements that are both aesthetically pleasing as well as practical. For example, in a kitchen, functional design means selecting countertops and cabinetry that fit with your lifestyle while looking stylish and modern.
Contemporary kitchen design with a functional built-in pull-out spice rack, labeled jars, marble countertop, and stainless steel stovetop.
Image: Joshua Lawrence
Furniture Arrangement:
Furniture arrangement is the positioning of furniture pieces to create a comfortable and aesthetically appealing space.
What is a furniture arrangement? Furniture arrangement is the process of organizing and arranging small pieces in a room to create a harmonious interior design. This includes making sure that all furniture, as well as accessories, are placed in an aesthetically pleasing but also practical pattern, which allows people to move around the space naturally while still providing maximum storage potential. The aim is to create an environment that is comfortable and inviting, but also to increase the overall functionality of the space. Furniture placement can help achieve this—by efficiency utilizing wall space for storage and/or shelving; organizing furniture so that comfortable seating and conversation areas are clearly defined; anchoring statement furniture pieces such as bookcases or armchairs with their own unique style; creating separate sections within the same room (such as “conversation zones”) he adds a layer of visual interest; increasing the amount of light entering the space through wise window treatments, etc.—all while respecting existing architectural elements where possible.
See also: Floorplan, Furniture Dimensions
Living room layout with sofas, armchairs, and a coffee table, demonstrating furniture arrangement for optimal interior design flow.
Image: From House to Home
Furniture Dimensions:
Furniture measurements are the metric dimensions associated with each piece of furniture, such as its height, width, depth, and other standard measurements.
What are furniture dimensions? These measurements are used to ensure that pieces of furniture fit in the desired space and can be combined with other pieces for compatibility. These measurements are used to ensure correct fit when purchasing pieces, configuring space within a room, or creating custom-made items.
Furniture dimensions are critical for a piece to fit correctly in a room or for various purposes depending on the item's intended use. Measurements should be taken using standard conventions based on inches or centimeters so that other shoppers or potential buyers can also use them when comparing to other furniture items. It also ensures that there is enough space between each item to promote flow through the room. Furniture sizes can be fixed such as in pre-made pieces, adjustable or completely custom depending on the type of design desired.
Furniture dimensions can also reference the size of things like drawers or shelves. It is important to consider furniture dimensions because it affects how a piece fits into a room or how much space it will take up in comparison to other pieces. Additionally, these dimensions help create a mental image of what the finished product will look like prior to assembly.
Furniture measurement guide showing a wooden chair with seat width, depth, and height labeled, essential for interior design and space planning.
Dining Chair: Home Depot
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Gender Neutral
Gender-neutral interior design is a style of decorating spaces without relying on traditional gender stereotypes and focusing instead on comfort, functionality and personal expression.
What is gender-neutral? Gender-neutral style interior is a type of interior design that is not associated with a certain gender. It emphasizes universal elements as well as functionality and comfort, rather than traditional masculine or feminine elements. Ideologically, it goes beyond the binary concept of gender, to allow for possible scenarios where there is a mix of multiple genders present in the same space. The goal of gender-neutral style interior design is to create a setting that can be enjoyed by anyone regardless of their gender identity. This type of design also encourages representation and inclusion - everyone should feel welcome in this environment.
Go for a (name of style or design movement) look
Go for a (name of style or design movement) look is a phrase used to describe an attempt to achieve the style and appearance associated with a particular genre or design period/movement.
What does “go for a (name of style or design movement) look” mean?
The phrase "Go for a (name of style or design movement) look" in interior design describes achieving a distinct aesthetic by using particular elements.
It is often used to evoke a certain period or emotion through the choice of fixtures, fabrics, and colours.
For example, if you’re wanting to create something that evokes the 1960s, you might choose mid-century furniture pieces paired with bold patterns and accessories.
Or if you want a light, airy feel to your space, you might go for the Scandinavian look with its minimalist approach to design.
The possibilities are endless under this phrase; it merely calls for incorporating certain styles and pieces into your space in order to achieve a specific overall look!
Elegant Mid-Century Modern Bathroom Showcasing Sleek Design and Organic Materials
Image: via architectureartdesigns.com, Del Mar Meadow House
H
Harmony:
Harmony in interior design is all about creating a balanced and cohesive look in a space.
What does harmony mean?
Harmony in interior design refers to the visual balance and unity created within a space.
It involves bringing together different elements and making them work well together to create a pleasing and unified whole.
It's like composing a beautiful melody where each note complements the others.
In interior design, harmony can be achieved through various means, such as color coordination, using similar patterns, and maintaining a consistent style throughout the space. It's about ensuring that every element contributes to the overall aesthetic without being too overpowering or conflicting.
Imagine a room where the colors, furniture, and accessories all work together seamlessly, creating a sense of visual comfort and unity. That's the magic of harmony in interior design!
Harmony is achieved through the consistent use of
colors,
patterns,
textures,
shapes, and
design elements that complement each other.
“To achieve the perfect ambiance in your living room, let's focus on creating harmony by selecting a color palette that complements your furniture, ensuring a seamless blend of textures, and incorporating elements that resonate with your personal style.”
See also:
French country style living room featuring a cream sofa, ornate mirror, side tables, and soft blue drapery for a harmonious interior design. Pulliam Morris Interiors
Herringbone:
A herringbone pattern is a decorative design consisting of parallel lines arranged in an alternating zigzag pattern. It can be found in many different textures, including fabric, tile, wood and bricks.
What does herringbone mean?
The herringbone pattern is an arrangement of lines, or tiles, that resembles the skeleton of a fish.
It is created by arranging two columns, each with a staggered V-shaped pattern that interlock with each other.
The herringbone pattern is often seen in flooring, wallpaper, and fabric design as it can create an interesting visual effect when used correctly.
This pattern is usually symmetrical and aesthetically pleasing, making it one of the most popular designs in home decorating.
Transitionnal hallway with herringbone wood flooring, large windows, lantern-style lighting, and a black bench, highlighting
High-End
High-end interior design refers to the creation of a luxurious, well-crafted and stylish living space that incorporates expensive materials, such as designer furniture, luxury fabrics, and high-quality finishes.
It may also include features like custom artwork and elaborate millwork.
What does high-end mean?
High-end interior design typically means using the highest quality materials, craftsmanship and technology to create beautiful, functional designs that are tailored to meet a client's specific needs.
The purpose of high-end design is usually not just for visual appeal but also for practical solutions.
Many elements may be included such as custom lighting, wall treatments, furnishings and artwork.
These all come together to create an environment that reflects the client's individual style.
High-end interior design ensures a greater level of attention to detail which in turn leads to more luxurious spaces that stand out from the rest.
See also: Upscale and Luxury
High-end living room design with a purple accent wall, floral sofa, vibrant artwork, and built-in bookshelves, highlighting bold interior decor.
Image: Alexa Papachristidis
Hygge
Hygge in interior design is the practice of creating a warm, inviting, and cozy atmosphere through furniture selection, lighting, decorative accents, and other elements.
What is hygge?
Hygge is a Danish term that is used to create a comfortable and cozy atmosphere.
It embodies relaxation and comfort through small, simple pleasures like candles, natural candlelight, warm cozy throws, and inviting aromas.
A hygge-inspired interior design promotes warmth, family, connection with friends and positive conversations ideal for entertaining; and focuses on the calming effect of being surrounded by simple pleasures — all while embracing the beauty of simplicity in its truest form.
Cozy fireplace scene with glowing candles, soft knit blanket, and hot cocoa, creating a warm and inviting interior design ambiance.
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Inspiration
Interior design inspiration is the process of finding ideas that evoke emotions, create a sense of purpose, and help bring a space to life.
What is inspiration?
Interior design inspiration means gathering ideas, images and visuals that can be used to feed your own interior design project.
It involves exploring a variety of styles and sources from which to draw inspiration, whether that's from nature, art, or another designer.
When creating a unified space inside your home or office, interior design inspiration can be detailed and specific in representing your desired aesthetic or open-ended for experimentation.
Inspiration can come from the smallest details such as a texture or pattern on an area rug to bigger elements like wall color making it an important part of any room transformation.
Outdoor honeymoon setup with a stylish daybed, umbrella, tropical plants, and drinks, promoting 'Carrie's 2020 Style Honeymoon' for beach relaxation.
Outdoor space, inspired by the Sex and the City: The Movie, designed by Julie Ann Rachelle Interiors LLC
Interior Design Movements & Periods
Interior design movements and periods are collective terms used to describe a range of styles of decoration and furnishings that were popular during different eras or within certain regions.
What does interior design movements mean?
Interior design movements are styles or trends that have led to a shift in the aesthetics and functionality of interior spaces.
Each movement is marked by its own distinct designs and architecture, which grew out of a particular social and cultural era.
Interior design movements help create the look of many rooms today by featuring these timeless works of art throughout various households and commercial spaces.
They also serve as inspiration for designers as they mix contemporary styling with classic staples to create new looks that customers can enjoy.
Interior design movements are thus an integral part of interior design, as they enable more informed decisions on how a space should look and feel.
Examples of interior design movements include: Memphis Design Movement, Prairie School Movement, Aesthetics Movement, and Arts and Crafts Movement.
What does interior design period mean?
Interior design periods are a way of categorizing the style, materials and architecture used in interior design.
Periods are generally divided according to historical moments, including Louis XV, Art Nouveau, Art Deco, Hollywood Regency, and Queen Anne design periods.
Every period has its own defining characteristics, like particular furniture styles, architectural features or color palettes.
By carefully selecting pieces that capture the overarching style of a particular period, designers can create beautiful interior spaces that evoke a sense of time and place.
Art Deco Style image: Simon Bevan
Interior Design Styles
Interior design styles are collections of themed items and components that work together to create a space with a distinct aesthetic.
What are Interior Design Styles?
The term "interior design styles" encompasses a wide range of different decorating ideas and influences.
It can range from classic to modern, traditional to eclectic, and anything in between.
Interior design styles are influenced by factors such as architecture, geography, climate, and culture.
Different rooms in the home can be decorated in completely different style, or there may be a cohesive look throughout the entire house.
Most importantly, interior design styles should reflect your personality and lifestyle.
Examples of popular interior design styles are: Traditional, Bohemian, French Country, Shabby Chic, Transitional, and Eclectic although there are many more.
Check out my Interior Design Styles Pinterest Board.
This includes French Country, Boho, Bohemian, Glam Rock, Geek Chic, Gender Neutral, Farmhouse, Coastal , Country, Eclectic, Danish, Jungalow, Lake House, Maximalism, Victorian, English, Equestrian, Industrial, Chinoiserie, Palm Beach, Rustic, Scandinavian, Classic, Urban Chic, Vintage, Global, Parisienne, Zen, Shabby Chic , Traditional, Upcycled.
Interior design questionnaire featuring style options such as Contemporary, Transitional, Traditional, Mid-Century Modern, Industrial, Farmhouse, Shabby Chic, Boho Chic, and Coastal.
Image: Designfiles
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Jute
Jute is a long, soft vegetable fiber used for making twine, rope, fabric and other products.
What is jute? Jute is a type of plant-based fiber obtained from the stems of plants with net-veined leaves. It has a soft and woody texture. It has been described to feel like wool when used in items such as rugs. These jut fibers are long, shiny and range from white to golden brown in color, making them a popular choice for weaving into rugs and carpets. A carpet or rug made of natural jute fiber requires very little upkeep; a simple vacuuming is usually all it needs for long-term maintenance. Jute fibers, however, cannot come in contact with water, otherwise it will rot and stain easily; wet shampooing and steam cleaning should therefore be avoided. While jute has many benefits, such as superior insulation, antistatic qualities, and low thermal conductivity; jute rugs are not suitable for outdoor use as they may degrade upon exposure to the elements. Generally considered eco-friendly, sustainable, and renewable, making them a great choice if you’re looking for an affordable alternative to wool rugs. Jute rugs come in a range of styles that suit all types of home décor. From traditional braided designs to flatweave carpets with intricate patterns — jute rugs can make any room look inviting and modern!
Living room featuring a natural jute rug with beige and white stripes, beige armchair, potted plant, and side table, perfect for cozy decor.
Image: nuLoom | Home Depot
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Knock Down A Wall
Knock down a wall is the act of demolishing an existing wall to create an open space or passageway.
What does “knock down a wall” mean? In interior design, the phrase "knock down a wall" often refers to removing a wall that divides two spaces. This can be used to create more space or allow more natural light into a room. It is also sometimes used to customize a living space and make it more open and inviting. The process itself can involve taking down either full or partial walls while still accounting for structural integrity. Depending on the amount of construction needed, the job may require hiring professionals, such as engineers and contractors, to knock down walls safely and efficiently.
Home renovation in progress with a worker cutting a beam, plastic-covered furniture, and exposed floorboards, highlighting an interior remodeling project.
Image Credit: How to Knock Down a Wall: A Step-by-Step Guide
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Layer
To layer in interior design refers to the deliberate arrangement of elements such as furniture and décor to create visual interest and spatial organization.
What is layering? Layers are a fundamental part of interior design. They include the accessories, textures, colors, and shapes that a designer chooses to create a unique and aesthetically pleasing space. Layers are important because they allow a designer to blend different elements together, creating balance within the overall design. Using various textures like rugs, curtains, fabrics, lighting fixtures and mirrors helps bring the different parts of the room together in harmony with each other. Additionally, props such as plants or sculptures help add depth and character to an interior space when placed carefully among other layers. By building up numerous layers while still maintaining a sense of order in each space, an interior designer can make every room one-of-a-kind and truly something special.
Stylish living room featuring a white sofa, marble fireplace, glass coffee table, white roses, and layered modern decor, highlighting elegant interior design.
Image: via thisisglamorous.com; Designer: Josh Young
Lamp
A lamp is a device that produces light (otherwise known as a light bulb.)
Lamps, also commonly known as light bulbs, are a type of electrical device that is used to produce light. They usually contain a glass casing that houses an electric filament which produces the light when energized. The most commonly used type is the incandescent bulb, but it is rapidly being replaced by more efficient and cost-effective alternatives such as compact fluorescent lamps (CFL) and light emitting diodes (LED). Depending on the application, lamps can be designed for use in different colors, temperatures and wattage levels.
Neon pink lightbulb (lamp) with a heart-shaped filament being held by a hand, creating a romantic and vibrant lighting design.
Lead Time
Lead time for furniture is the duration of time between placing an order and receiving it.
What is lead time? Lead time is an important factor to consider when ordering custom furniture. This refers to the amount of time it will take a company to receive, process and manufacture your item. This can vary greatly depending on the type of furniture and which company you are working with, so it’s crucial to get agreement from everyone involved that the lead time is realistic before placing your order. Some companies may require a down payment or deposit before they even begin work on an order, making it even more important to understand what the total lead time will be for your custom order.
Chart displaying average quoted lead times for furniture types, with cabinets showing the longest lead time and trundles the shortest, as of February 16, 2021.
Image: Buildlane Custom Furniture
Light Fixture
A light fixture is a device used to hold, power, and provide illumination from one or more lights.
What is a light fixture? A light fixture is an electrical device used to produce illumination. It typically consists of a box, housing the light source. “A light fixture (US English), light fitting (UK English), or luminaire” are electrical devices that contain an electric lamp to provide illumination. They can have a switch to control the light, and must be connected to an AC power source. Some, like moveable lamps, use a plug and cord into a wall socket, while permanent ones are wired directly. Source: Wikipedia
Lighting terminology diagram distinguishing lamps from luminaires, explaining that LED fixtures often do not need separate lamps, with Renfro Design Group.
Image: Renfro Design Group
Lighting Plan
A lighting plan is a visual representation of a space that outlines the lighting fixtures, their locations, and brightness levels necessary to achieve desired effects in an environment.
What is a lighting plan? Lighting plans are important for people to understand the amount of light that is essential for a specific space. Different areas in the home and office require different types of lighting, from task-specific lights on desks to ambient lighting in living rooms and bedrooms. Lighting plans, created by interior decorators and professional electricians, help homeowners make smart decisions about what type of lighting they need, where it should go, and the best locations for potential fixtures. Lighting plans highlight potential details like object illumination and shadow casting, giving customers insight into what their end result will look like after installation.
Reflected ceiling plan showing placement of recessed lights, wall sconces, chandeliers, outlets, and dimmable switches, with a detailed key for lighting symbols.
Example of Lighting Plan: Design by Julie Ann Rachelle Interiors LLC
Lit à la polonaise
Lit à la polonaise is a type of bed which features an elaborately-decorated headboard, canopy and posts.
What is lit à la polonaise? Lit à la polonaise is an 18th-century style of furniture originating in Poland, where the frame of a bed was created to look like a large box with four ornamental posts. It has four columns with upper rails and bars around the post, each embellished with ornaments traditionally carved out of wood. The construction takes on the shape of a canopy bed and allows for curtains to be hung around it that can be pulled closed and secured with decorative cords or ribbons. The headboard of lit à la polonaise is typically raised higher than normal beds, allowing more room for other furniture inside the bedroom. This style offers visual complexity while providing ample support, breathing life into any bedroom design while combining cultural history and modern sophistication.
Louis XVI-style lit à la polonaise bed with light peach drapery and carved frame, showcasing classic French furniture design.
Image: Chairish
Luxury Interior Design Services
Luxury interior design services involve creating an aesthetically pleasing and functional living space, with the use of high-end materials and custom-tailored furniture.
What does luxury mean in regards to interior design services? Luxury interior design services are those offered by high-end designers who focus on providing clients with unique, one-of-a-kind designs that emphasize the home's original character and charm while also incorporating modern trends and concepts. Luxury interior design services provide a variety of options such as custom furniture pieces, fabrics, paint colors, carpets and accessories. Along with designing the interiors, luxury designers also recommend maintenance plans to ensure that the elements stay in pristine condition for years to come. The goal of luxury interior design services is to provide clients with an environment that meets their individual tastes and needs, creating comfortable spaces that evoke emotion through well-planned details.
An example of luxury interior design.
Image: Modenese Interiors
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Molding:
Decorative pieces of wood trim used in trimwork around doors, columns, archways, and window frames to beautify them.
What is a molding? Molding can appear in the form of crown molding along walls and ceilings, base boards along floors, chair rail halfway up a wall between the top of a chairs back and floor, rosettes or medallions which are decorative round pieces made from molding, custom cornice and window frames or an arched entryway. Using detailed trim around these features brings visual contrast to your space and adds architectural interest to any room.
Beautiful staircase with intricate wrought iron railing and decorative molding on cream walls, showcasing classic interior design details.
Image: Unsplash, Joshua Bartell, @jjbart7
Mood board
An interior design mood board is a collection of inspirational images, materials, and colors used to communicate a particular aesthetic for a room.
What is an interior design mood board? A mood board is an essential tool for interior design. People mostly use visuals to create their mood boards (colors, patterns and materials). However, it can also include words or phrases that inspire the concept of a space. Interior design mood boards can also be used by clients to give feedback and indicate preferences when working with designers. In this way, they serve as a visual guide that lets designers know what kind of look they should be aiming for. The next in the design process is to create a concept board.
French Provincial office moodboard by Julie Ann Rachelle Interiors LLC, showcasing pastel color swatches, classic French-style decor, and ornate detailing for interior design inspiration.
Check out My Home Office Reveal
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Natural
Natural refers to elements and objects found in nature. They can be used in the creation or decoration of a space for aesthetic purposes, typically including plants, (faux) fur, stones, water and other found objects from outdoors.
What are natural design elements? Natural design elements are simply design elements and principles which imitate or reflect natural forms, textures and landscapes. They include your typical patterns found in nature such as wood grain, foliage, clouds, rocks, water and other natural structures. Natural design elements often improve the atmosphere of the space providing a comfortable feeling for the viewer by connecting people with nature. They can also create strong visual interest for an environment and provide an inviting atmosphere. These elements can be used to evoke certain emotions through color, texture and form whether it’s relaxation, inspiration or even joy. Ultimately, natural design elements can create a truly unique experience that brings your space to life.
Rustic kitchen design with a natural wooden countertop, fresh produce, orange juice, and exposed brick walls, showcasing a cozy and functional kitchen layout.
Image: DepositPhotos | IgorVetushko
Natural Light
Natural light in interior design is the use of sunlight to illuminate and enhance an indoor space.
Natural light is light that comes from the sun, and more generally from the sky. Unlike artificial light, natural light does not need to be generated; rather, it simply needs to be redirected inside a space in order to take advantage of its characterful qualities. Natural daylighting can often provide softer, cooler shadows than artificial lighting, while also serving an additional source of visual comfort and ambiance. Natural lighting is both a valuable and often underutilized resource in interior spaces that can help reduce energy costs while adding visual appeal to any space.
Photo: Unsplash: Dimaberlin Modern dining area with large windows, pendant lights, wooden table, and indoor plants, offering a view of lush greenery for a serene interior design.
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Oval-back
Oval-back in interior design is a type of furniture backrest with a curved, oval-shaped silhouette. It often features curved or scrolled arms, and the profile is used to create a sense of sophistication and grace.
What is an oval-back? Oval-back is a term used to describe the shape of a chair's back. In interior design, oval-back chairs not only offer comfort as well as support but also provide decorative flair with their curved silhouette. An oval-back chair is typically more sophisticated and stately than traditional square-backed chairs and can be used in more formal living rooms and dining rooms. An oval-back is also an excellent way to incorporate additional seating into small spaces due to its slim profile. Furthermore, these sophisticated pieces of furniture add texture and versatility when used in combination with other different shapes, sizes, colors, and finishes.
Classic dining room featuring a white table, blue patterned oval-back chairs, herringbone wood flooring, and large windows, highlighting traditional interior design.
Image: Christophe Living
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Persian Rug
A Persian rug is a hand-crafted carpet which originated in the Middle East and is characterized by intricate designs woven from brightly colored wool.
What is a Persian rug? A Persian rug is a type of handmade carpet traditionally made by expert weavers in Iran using traditional techniques, or other countries such as Turkey, Afghanistan and India. It is one of the most recognizable art forms in the world and can be found in many homes and museums throughout the world. The intricate designs, textures and colors that characterize these rugs have become symbols of excellence and culture. Persian rugs are also unique because they are made up of two main types: flat weave with single-knit knots (Gabbehs), or pile weave with double knots. Both kinds feature complex geometric patterns that repeat across most versions. Furthermore, due to its versatility and high quality, Persian rugs are considered investments for many individuals around the world who simultaneously gain aesthetic pleasure from their prized possessions.
Modern living room featuring a colorful pink and orange rug, brown leather sofa, wooden sideboard, and contemporary decor for vibrant interior design.
Image: RugsUSA
Primary Bedroom
A primary bedroom is a room in a house or apartment that is typically used as the main sleeping area.
A primary bedroom is typically the largest bedroom in a home and usually serves as the main sleeping area for the occupants. It's often referred to as the master bedroom, since it is typically located on the main floor of a house, and usually includes its own bathroom or adjacent half-bath. In addition to being used for sleeping, primary bedrooms are often utilized for storage, relaxing, or other activities like reading or watching television.
The alteration of the phrase from “master bedroom” to “primary bedroom” has been prompted by the unfavorable significances and views surrounding the expression “master.” Professionals in this industry are cognizant of and grasp the term “master” as being racist or sexist. “Master bedroom” hints at a notion of superiority and possession, which isn't overly convincing nor attractive in today's day and age. (Source)
Calm light blue primary bedroom featuring a tufted headboard, decorative pillows, chandelier, and wall shelves with framed photos, creating a serene space.
Proportion
Proportion in interior design refers to the relationship between different elements of a room's design, in terms of size, shape, and position.
What is proportion? Proportion refers to the size of elements in a room relative to one another. Achieving visual balance and creating pleasing forms requires accurate proportions among the height and width of all components. An effective use of proportion creates harmony, while a lack of it creates a feeling of imbalance that is difficult to overlook. In interior design, paying attention to ratio and proportion allows you to arrange furniture and other design elements in such a way that they appear well-balanced and aesthetically pleasing. As a result, your décor will appear balanced visually, regardless of what types of furnishings or design pieces you have chosen.
Punch List
A punch list for interior design is a list of items and tasks to be completed before the conclusion of a project.
What is a punch list? A punch list in interior design is a document that lists all of the items to be addressed before a project can be completed. It typically covers tasks such as paint touch-ups, installation of light fixtures, cleaning, and more. Punch lists are usually created during the final phase of the construction process when final finishes need to be inspected and any fixes or changes need to be addressed for completion purposes. The preparation of a punch list is an essential part of interior design projects, as it helps ensure that the end result meets the high standards that were set from the very beginning.
Field report also known as a punch list highlighting a missing baseboard issue, including photos, floor plans, and an update that replacement is scheduled, assigned to Steve Wood.
Image: Archisnapper
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Quatrefoil
Quatrefoil is a shape comprised of four partially overlapping circles or lobes forming a symmetrical pattern.
What is a quatrefoil? The quatrefoil pattern is a design motif often seen in interior design. It consists of four lobes (leaves or points) arranged symmetrically around a central point, forming the shape of a flower, which is why it’s also referred to as “four-leaf clover”. The quatrefoil has been used in various contexts and can be seen in mosaics, artwork, stained glass windows, furniture pieces, and even architecture. Its versatility makes it suitable for any interior design style and its beauty can add an elegant touch to your home.
Gothic window diagram with quatrefoil shapes highlighted, showcasing architectural design elements often seen in Gothic architecture.
Image: Pitt.edu, Glossary of Medieval Art and Architecture
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Rolled Arms
Rolled arm furniture is a type of furniture that features curved or rounded arms on the sides.
What are rolled arms? Rolled arms are an iconic and timeless addition to any home décor, whether you’re looking for a traditional or modern touch. Often seen in traditional sofas, rolled arms add an elegant look to couches and chairs, providing texture and depth. With their soft curves, these furniture pieces draw attention to the structure of the furniture piece with a beautiful design element. Rolled arms can additionally provide comfortable support when sitting or leaning back on the sofa. They come in different styles and materials as well, allowing for endless options to incorporate into any room's individual aesthetic.
Cozy living room with a beige rolled-arm sectional sofa, rustic wooden coffee table, and large windows, showcasing a neutral color palette.
Image: Pottery Barn
Room Refresh
A room refresh is a process of decorating an interior space to give it a new look, making it feel and look more inviting.
A room refresh involves sprucing up a space in order to make it look and feel as best as possible. This typically entails touching up walls, installing new furniture and decor, getting rid of clutter, repainting the walls and ceiling, rearranging the layout of furniture, and introducing stylish accents pieces. Room refreshes are a great way to update the feel and atmosphere of any space without having to undertake full-scale renovations. Doing so can save time and money while making rooms more modern or comforting depending on one’s preferences.
Before and after bedroom transformation featuring a dark wood bed, updated blue and white bedding, new window treatments, and rearranged furniture for a refreshed look.
Interior design by: Julie Ann Rachelle Interiors LLC | View the article about this French Country Room Refresh
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Scale
Scale in interior design is the relative size and proportions of objects within a space.
What does scale mean? Scale is an important principle in interior design because it helps you to create a balanced and harmonious atmosphere within a space. Scale refers to the size of furniture, art pieces and decorative items relative to the size of the room they are placed in. By understanding scale, you can ensure that different objects appear to be proportional when seen together. It can also help create visual pathways that guide the eye from one end of the room to another, as well as draw attention to certain features in the design plan. Ultimately, scale helps bring balance and visually pleasing elements into any decorating scheme.
Boho-inspired living room featuring a large woven pendant light, rustic wooden furniture, neutral pillows, and natural decor for a serene aesthetic.
Image: Casa Chic
Shabby Chic
Shabby chic style is a design aesthetic characterized by a mix of vintage and modern elements, with an emphasis on patina, texture, and aged furniture.
What is Shabby Chic? Shabby Chic is an interior design style created in the late 1980s by British designer Rachel Ashwell. The style is based on creating distinct and eclectic furnishings from a mix of salvaged antiques, vintage finds and new furniture pieces with a creative, worn-in charm. While this aesthetic does include some rustic elements, its main focus is surrounding yourself with soft hues, layered ruffles and skirts, faded fabrics and weathered finishes to achieve a sense of gentle elegance. Shabby chic decor often includes distressed furniture painted in muted colors for an inviting yet slightly lived-in look.
Chic living room with white slipcovered sofas, a wicker accent chair, a chandelier, and neutral decor, highlighting a light and airy interior design.
Image: Shabbychic.com
Shaker Style
Shaker style is a type of furniture and interior design characterized by simplicity and utilitarian function.
What is Shaker style? Shaker style design is a straightforward, functional approach to furniture and décor that has been popular since the early 19th century. The design of furniture and interiors reflected the values of the Shaker religion, such a simplicity, efficiency, and cleanliness (functional as to be easy to clean). They did not create items unless they felt inspired by God. Shaker style features clean lines, simple forms, and features natural beauty. This minimalist look can be achieved by using unadorned woods such as cherry, maple, walnut, or birch in a natural finish. The main goal of shaker style design is to create pieces that are both aesthetic and practical. Such furniture often has built-in storage solutions such as shelves, drawers, and cabinets which help save space while still providing an attractive design element. Shaker style decor also commonly includes subtle details like exposed joinery and metal hardware to complete the timeless look.
Shaker-style room featuring wooden tables, ladder-back chairs hung on the wall, and minimalist decor with dark blue trim, showcasing traditional Shaker design.
Image: contemplative imaging via Flickr, some rights reserved
Sidemark
A "sidemark" in interior design acts as a succinct item description for seamless organization and tracking. It can appear on an order form, on a spec sheet, or on a shipping box.
What is a sidemark?
Unveiling the secret weapon in the design world - the "sidemark"! This brilliant tool is not just a label, it's a unique fingerprint for every item in a designer's project.
It's the DNA that tells a rich story - from the designer's name, the project title, to the destined room for the piece, and even a succinct description of the item.
It's the guiding beacon in the labyrinth of orders ensuring impeccable organization and precise tracking.
Take for example, a Sidemark like "JULIE-ANN-RACHELLE-INTERIORS-LLC-PROJECT: SIDHOM-G-LTG". What does it tell you?
It's lighting, not just any lighting, but one destined to be the centerpiece of the Garage renovation in the Sidhom residence, a masterpiece brought to life by none other than Julie Ann Rachelle Interiors LLC.
Interior design purchase order for a modern crystal chandelier from Amazon, issued by Julie Ann Rochelle Interiors, showing product details and total price. The sidemark is next to the issue date.
Sourcing
In interior design, sourcing is the process of locating and obtaining materials and furnishings for a particular space.
What is sourcing? Sourcing in interior design is the process of scouring all available resources to find, purchase and specify quality items and materials needed to create a unique, complete and enjoyable end product. It includes researching furniture stores, antique markets, artisans, fabricators and numerous other sources both online and offline. This type of sourcing often involves taking a great deal of time examining the pieces up close – touching them, measuring them and comparing attributes – in order to ensure that the item is exactly what is desired for each design project. Sourcing allows interior designers to develop strong relationships with vendors that provide high-quality materials, custom options at reasonable prices.
Mid-century modern farmhouse moodboard showcasing a home office and craft room design with a grey sofa, desk chair, bookshelf, and colorful accents.
Spatial Planner
A spatial planner in interior design is responsible for developing and implementing an optimized use of a given space in order to maximize its function and aesthetic appeal.
What does a spatial planner do? A spatial planner in residential interiors is a professional who designs and organizes the space of a home or apartment. They work to create functional and aesthetically pleasing interior spaces that meet the needs of the homeowner. Spatial Planners can help homeowners maximize their homes, through furniture arrangement, color schemes, storage solutions, and more. A Spatial Planner can also provide advice on remodeling or new construction for an efficient and attractive layout. By taking into consideration lighting, layout, traffic flow, acoustics, and technology elements such as wiring for audio/visual equipment or internet access, they are able to design interiors that are both functional and stylish.
Space planning diagram highlighting various spatial organization techniques such as centralized, linear, radial, and grid layouts, used in architectural design.
Image: First In Architect
Stain Resistant
Stain-resistant is a property of material that resists the absorption and retention of liquids, resulting in easy cleaning.
What does stain-resistant mean? Stain-resistant materials are specially designed fabrics, usually with a protective finish, that help to prevent spills and stains from sticking. This type of fabric is particularly popular in households, as it helps to reduce the amount of cleaning that needs to be done. They can be especially useful in high-traffic areas such as children's playrooms or family rooms. Stain-resistant fabrics are typically made from synthetic fibers such as polyester or acrylic, which have been treated with chemicals that provide an additional protective layer against dirt and moisture. These fabrics also generally have a longer lifespan than those without the stain-resistant properties due to the durable finish that helps keep them looking new for much longer.
Modern living room featuring a white round ottoman coffee table upholstered in performance fabric, black fireplace, patterned rug, and decor, showcasing contemporary interior design.
Image: One Kings Lane
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Toile
Toile is a type of fabric typically made from cotton or linen, which is woven in a single colored pattern with small repeating motifs.
What is toile? Toile is an elegant and timeless fabric that features colors and patterns that pop against a crisp white or off-white background. Commonly used for upholstery, drapery and other decorative applications, Toile de Jouy dates back to the late 1700s when it was produced in the simplest of form - blue monochrome scenes featuring pastoral country life on billowing cotton fabrics. Today, toile is available in a variety of colors, both traditional and modern, making it a popular choice for interior designers. It can also add beauty to any space, regardless of décor style – traditional designs pair perfectly with old-world charm while bolder colors fit right into more contemporary homes.
Charming bathroom with blue and white toile wallpaper, white vanity, silver faucet, gold mirror, and wall-mounted sconce, showcasing classic design.
Image: Ryan Garvin
Trompe L’oeil:
Trompe l'oeil is an art technique in which optical illusions are used to create the illusion of three-dimensional images on two-dimensional surfaces. It appears realisticallyrealistic, so figures can appear to be standing out from the background or scene in which they are depicted.
What is trompe l’oeil? This decorative style dates back to ancient Greece, and was adapted by the Renaissance. The trompe l'oeil interior design technique uses realistic looking illusion to create an optical effect. This method can be used to trick the eye into perceiving greater depth or scale in a room. Visual elements such as false doors, windows, furniture pieces, wall textures and sculptures are all ways to create trompe l'oeil designs. Trompe l'oeil is often used to make small spaces seem larger or to correct issues with difficult-to-decorate areas like angled walls. This technique has been around for centuries, but it remains popular today for its ability to captivate viewers and give spaces life and character.
I, Alberto Fernandez Fernandez, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Tufted (with buttons)
Tufting with buttons is a decorative technique used to make upholstered furniture, in which the fabric is secured with buttons after being wrapped around a foam core. The fabric may be pre-tufted or tufted by hand for professional looking results.
What does tufted mean? Button tufting on furniture is a traditional and luxurious method of upholstery, which creates a look that’s formal, antique-inspired and timeless. It involves pushing buttons through fabric or leather to create a pleated, puckered effect. Button tufting may either be used as an accent or all over the furniture, creating visual interest and texture. Button tufting can be customized for various looks, from casual to elegant to bring out the desired look for any room in your home.
Rustic living room featuring a beige tufted armchair, knit throw blanket, jute rug, and farmhouse decor, highlighting cozy and relaxed design elements.
Image: Mark Scott, Photographer, via House Beautiful
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Upscale
Upscale refers to the use of high-end or luxurious materials, products, and services to create a sense of luxury within interior design projects.
Upscale refers to elements such as exquisite furniture, custom fabrics, and exclusive accessories to create a one-of-a-kind atmosphere. In addition to traditional luxury materials like marble and gold accents, upscale interior design also utilizes modern elements such as bold colors, statement pieces of art, and accent lighting for an elevated look. Luxury deisgners are often creative professionals with an eye for detail and an understanding of both traditional and modern concepts of style. With their expertise, they can transform plain or outdated spaces into stylish rooms with truly luxurious vibes.
Traditional sitting room with floral armchairs, scalloped valances, large windows, and a round wooden side table, featuring cozy and classic decor.
Image: Ann Wolf Interior Decoration
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Verdigris
Verdigris is a green or blue-green encrustation caused by the corrosion of copper, brass and bronze. The process of creating this layer is called patination and it can be found on buildings and sculptures as well as coins, pottery and jewellery.
What is verdigris? Verdigris is the name given to the green patina that develops on copper, brass, and bronze objects when they are exposed to air. This can happen naturally over time or be artificially induced by applying sulfuric acid or oxalic acid. Pottery that has been decorated with a verdigris glazing is an attractive way for potters to add a hint of oxidation to their pieces. Verdigris is known for its muted yet vibrant colors, and it's an especially popular style used in earthenware pottery and handcrafted vessels. The combination of rich green pigments with earth tones create a timelessly classic aesthetic, perfect for adding accent pieces to rooms in warm rustic colors.
Image: VivaTerra
Vignette
A vignette in a home is a small, aesthetically pleasing arrangement or display, usually including items of decor that are grouped and/or staged to create an eye-catching focal point.
What is a vignette? Vignette is an interior design term that refers to a concentrate of design elements grouped around a focal point, presented in an aesthetically pleasing and harmonious way. Vignettes are often used to raise the mood of a room and bring attention to details or assets. When decorating with vignettes, it’s important to use elements that complement each other and create an orderly display - whether this be minimalism, a cohesive colour palette, surface treatment varieties, or multiple textures. Vignettes can also be used in imaginative ways such as incorporating narrative elements into the designs. Ultimately, creating great vignettes will contribute to creating memories within your home!
Image: GDC Home
Elegant wooden table featuring blue-and-white chinoiserie jars, a blue ceramic lamp, stacked design books, and a small vase with bright orange flowers.
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Window Treatment
A window treatment is a decorative covering for a window, such as curtains or shades, designed to control light and privacy.
What is a window treatment? A window treatment is a type of interior design element that covers, frames and ultimately controls the amount and quality of light entering through a window. It can consist of curtains, drapery, blinds, shades or shutters and the primary purpose of installing such treatments is to lend privacy, add insulation against weather conditions and regulate the amount of natural lighting coming into any given room. In addition to this main purpose, it can also be used as an effective way to soften the overall décor in a room for a more comfortable atmosphere.
Traditional room with custom window treatment featuring figurine designs, blue door, zebra-patterned wallpaper, and brass chandelier, with an umbrella stand below the window.
Image: @honeycollinsinteriors
Zoom Background
A (real life) wall background for Zoom is an interior design element used to enhance the aesthetic appeal of the user’s video conference background by adding visual interest, color or texture. Wall backgrounds can be made from a variety of materials, including wallpaper, paint, tiles, fabric panels, wood paneling and decorative accents.
A virtual wall background for Zoom is a virtual environment created for online video conference platform Zoom where the user can customize their background to appear as if they are in any environment.
What is a Zoom Background?
A virtual video conferencing background is an image or video of a specific scene or environment used as the background for a person's virtual video conferencing session.
It could be anything from a beach scene to a cityscape, or even a professional-looking office space.
These backgrounds can be set up using software programs like Zoom, and are typically generic in nature, making them ideal for use in business meetings and other types of online collaboration.
Read: How To Improve Your Appearance on Zoom or Hire Me to Design Your Virtual Office Background
On the other hand, a user's actual interior being used as their video conferencing background is when someone decides to utilize their own residential or office area as the backdrop to their virtual meetings.
This type of setup allows people to personalize the atmosphere of their conference calls, allowing them to communicate with the participants inside their own familiar habitat.
However, such an approach requires more planning due to different factors that might affect its success; such as lighting and sound issues, clutter, etc., which can potentially deem it unsuitable for more serious professional conversations.
Elle Decor Virtual Zoom Background
Download a background of an actual interior from Elle Decor
The living room of Bronson van Wyck’s Manhattan loft, which appeared in Elle Decor’s November 2019 issue.
Pernille Loof
Creating mood boards to enhance your design vocabulary
Designer: Julie Ann Rachelle Interiors LLC
Interior design mood board featuring living room, dining room, and kitchen inspiration. The board highlights a colorful rug, vibrant pillows, and existing chair fabric. The color palette includes shades of green, yellow, purple, pink, and navy. It also includes suggestions like yellow walls or headboard in the kitchen and light green chinoiserie panels for the dining room.
Mood boards are a powerful tool for visualizing and communicating design ideas. They help you explore different color palettes, textures, and styles, and enhance your design vocabulary.
Here's how you can create a mood board:
1. Gather inspiration: Collect images, swatches, and samples that inspire you. Look for images in magazines, online platforms, and even in nature.
2. Organize your ideas: Arrange your collected images and samples on a board or digital platform. Group them based on color schemes, textures, or specific design elements.
3. Analyze the mood board: Study the elements within your mood board and identify the recurring themes, colors, and textures. This will help you develop a deeper understanding of your design preferences.
Creating mood boards allows you to experiment, refine your design language, and discover new ideas. It's a valuable exercise for honing your interior design skills. Now, let's move on to discussing effective communication with clients, contractors, and suppliers.
Tips for effectively communicating with clients, contractors, and suppliers
As an aspiring interior designer, effective communication is key to building successful relationships with clients, contractors, and suppliers.
Here are some tips to improve your communication skills:
1. Active listening: Listen attentively to your clients' needs and preferences. Ask questions to clarify any uncertainties and show genuine interest in their ideas.
2. Visual aids: Use visual aids, such as sketches, renderings, or mood boards, to effectively communicate your design concepts. Visuals can bridge the gap between words and help everyone involved visualize the final result.
3. Collaboration: Foster a collaborative environment by involving your clients, contractors, and suppliers in the decision-making process. Encourage their input and ideas to create a shared vision.
4. **Clear documentation**: Document all communication, decisions, and agreements in writing. This helps avoid misunderstandings and provides a reference point throughout the project.
By implementing these communication strategies, you will be able to build stronger relationships, ensure everyone is on the same page, and bring your design vision to life. Lastly, let's explore resources for expanding your interior design vocabulary.
Resources for expanding your interior design vocabulary
Continuously expanding your interior design vocabulary is essential for staying up-to-date with industry trends and techniques.
Here are some resources to help you enhance your knowledge:
1. Books: Explore books on interior design, architecture, color theory, and design history. They provide in-depth knowledge and inspiration.
2. Online platforms: Follow design blogs, websites, social media accounts, and social media groups dedicated to interior design. They offer a wealth of information, tips, and insights.
3. Courses and workshops: Enroll in online or in-person courses and workshops to learn from industry professionals and gain practical skills.
4. Networking events: Attend networking events, trade shows, and conferences to connect with fellow interior designers and learn from their experiences.
By actively engaging in these resources, you will stay informed, inspired, and continuously improve your interior design vocabulary. As a result, you will be able to confidently articulate your design ideas and concepts. Now, let's wrap up our journey to becoming fluent in the language of home decor.
Final Thoughts: Becoming fluent in the language of home decor
Congratulations! You've taken a deep dive into the world of interior design and mastered the language of home decor.
By familiarizing yourself with key terms and phrases, understanding different design styles, grasping color terminology, speaking the language of textures and materials, and navigating furniture and accessories terminology, you are well on your way to becoming a fluent interior design communicator.
Remember to create mood boards, improve your communication skills, and continue expanding your knowledge through various resources.
With these skills and knowledge, you can confidently express your design vision to professionals, friends, and family, and create spaces that truly reflect your personal style.
So go ahead, unleash your creativity, and speak like an interior designer!
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